Glaucoma, popularly known as glaucoma, is a serious eye disease that can damage the optic nerve and lead to permanent vision loss. It is called "insidious danger" because it usually progresses without symptoms.
What is Eye Pressure (Glaucoma)?
As a result of the intraocular fluid not being able to drain out, the pressure inside the eye increases, and this pressure crushes and kills the optic nerve cells connecting the eye to the brain over time. It is the second most common cause of permanent blindness in the world when left untreated.
What are the Symptoms of Eye Pressure?
- Headaches that become more pronounced in the morning
- Blurred vision at times
- Seeing halos (rainbow halos) around lights
- Feeling of fullness and hardness in the eye
- Severe eye pain and nausea (sign of acute crisis)
What Should the Eye Pressure Be?
Normal intraocular pressure in a healthy individual is considered to be between 10-21 mmHg. Above 21 mmHg is generally considered high and requires monitoring. However, there is also a type called 'Normal Tension Glaucoma'; Even if your blood pressure is below 21, your optic nerve may be damaged if it is sensitive.
What Causes Eye Pressure?
- Genetics: Those with a family history of glaucoma
- Age: 40 years old, especially those over 60 years old
- Diseases: Diabetes and hypertension
- Medication use: Long-term cortisone
- Eye structure: Myopic or hyperopic refractive errors
How to Treat Glaucoma?
Glaucoma treatment does not completely eliminate the disease, but it preserves current vision by stopping its progression. Methods: Eye drops (regular use every day), Laser Treatment (SLT - to open fluid channels), Surgical intervention (in cases where drops and laser are insufficient).
Frequently Asked Questions
Can glaucoma be completely cured if diagnosed early?
The resulting nerve damage is irreversible. However, with early diagnosis and treatment, the progression of the disease can be stopped and current vision can be preserved.
My eye pressure is normal but I have glaucoma, how can this happen?
There is a type known as normal tension glaucoma. Because optic nerve sensitivity varies from person to person, even normal pressure values can cause nerve damage in some individuals.
How long should eye drops be used for glaucoma?
It usually needs to be used for life. Regular use protects the optic nerve by keeping the pressure under control.
